- want to re affirm my knowledge of different digital and mechanical print processes and gain any new knowledge of the various processes.
- want to learn about how different types of inks are made from scratch.
- want to learn about the science behind old 3d in terms of sight and how the brain interprets old 3d.
- want to learn how mass produced plastic products (e.g plastic bags) are a printed on to.
- want to learn about the costs of different print processes and which are more cost effective for the job.
- how laser printing works on receipts.
- what else can you print with other than inks and paints.
- how do you print on napkins when tissue is designed to absorb liquid.
from this we were asked to research and find out the answers to these questions.
1. see design for print research.
2. The history of Chinese inks can be traced back to the 23rd century BC, with the utilization of natural plant (plant dyes), animal, and mineral inks based on such materials as graphite that were ground with water and applied with ink brushes. Evidence for the earliest Chinese inks, similar to modern inksticks, is around 256 BC in the end of the Warring States period and produced from soot and animal glue.[5] The best inks for drawing or painting on paper or silk are produced from the resin of the pine tree. They must be between 50 and 100 years old. The Chinese inkstick is produced with a fish glue, whereas Japanese glue (膠 "nikawa") is from cow or stag.[6]
4.
1. see design for print research.
2. The history of Chinese inks can be traced back to the 23rd century BC, with the utilization of natural plant (plant dyes), animal, and mineral inks based on such materials as graphite that were ground with water and applied with ink brushes. Evidence for the earliest Chinese inks, similar to modern inksticks, is around 256 BC in the end of the Warring States period and produced from soot and animal glue.[5] The best inks for drawing or painting on paper or silk are produced from the resin of the pine tree. They must be between 50 and 100 years old. The Chinese inkstick is produced with a fish glue, whereas Japanese glue (膠 "nikawa") is from cow or stag.[6]
The India ink used in ancient India since at least the 4th century BC was called masi, and was made of burnt bones, tar, pitch, and other substances.[2][7] Indian documents written in Kharosthi with ink have been unearthed in Chinese Turkestan.[8] The practice of writing with ink and a sharp pointed needle was common in early South India.[3] Several Buddhist and Jain sutras in India were compiled in ink.[4]
In ancient Rome, atramentum was used. In an article for the Christian Science Monitor, Sharon J. Huntington describes these other historical inks:
About 1,600 years ago, a popular ink recipe was created. The recipe was used for centuries. Iron salts, such as ferrous sulfate (made by treating iron with sulfuric acid), were mixed with tannin from gallnuts (they grow on trees) and a thickener. When first put to paper, this ink is bluish-black. Over time it fades to a dull brown.
Scribes in medieval Europe (about AD 800 to 1500) wrote principally on parchment or vellum. One 12th century ink recipe called for hawthorn branches to be cut in the spring and left to dry. Then the bark was pounded from the branches and soaked in water for eight days. The water was boiled until it thickened and turned black. Wine was added during boiling. The ink was poured into special bags and hung in the sun. Once dried, the mixture was mixed with wine and iron salt over a fire to make the final ink.[9] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ink
this video was really useful in walking me though the steps in making mass produced printer inks.
The most important part of an ink is the dye or pigment that gives the ink its color. Dyes are colored materials that completely dissolve in the ink (like sugar in water). Pigments are small particles of colored materials that are suspended in the ink (like fine sand in water). Pigments need to be ground to very small size so that they will not settle out of the ink. Dyes and pigments can be obtained from natural plants and minerals or can be manufactured from other chemicals.
Inks also contain a liquid or solvent that dissolves or suspends the dye or pigment. Many inks are largely water, but liquids other than water such as alcohols and oils can be used. Inks may also contain other things like resins and polymers (big molecules), stabilizers for suspended pigments, preservatives, etc. depending on how the ink will be used. Designing an ink that works well can be a very complicated job.
3.
Red/Green or Red/Blue
Although the red/green or red/blue system is now mainly used for television 3-D effects, and was used in many older 3-D movies. In this system, two images are displayed on the screen, one in red and the other in blue (or green). The filters on the glasses allow only one image to enter each eye, and your brain does the rest. You cannot really have a color movie when you are using color to provide the separation, so the image quality is not nearly as good as with the polarized system.
In historical methods using camera filters, on film, two images from the perspective of the left and right eyes were projected or printed together as a single image, one side through a red filter and the other side through a contrasting color such as blueor green or mixed cyan. As outlined below, one may now, typically, use an image processing computer program to simulate the effect of using color filters, using as a source image a pair of either color or monochrome images.
Complementary color anaglyphs employ one of a pair of complementary color filters for each eye. The most common color filters used are red and cyan. Employing tristimulus theory, the eye is sensitive to three primary colors, red, green, and blue. The red filter admits only red, while the cyan filter blocks red, passing blue and green (the combination of blue and green is perceived as cyan). If a paper viewer containing red and cyan filters is folded so that light passes through both, the image will appear black. Another recently introduced form employs blue and yellow filters. (Yellow is the color perceived when both red and green light passes through the filter.)
4.
Printing onto plastics can be done in a number of ways dependent on the product required. Printing onto rigid plastic sheets is usually done on a special litho press set up for UV printing. Unlike conventional printing presses, UV printing onto plastics requires special inks and chemicals as well as an ultra violet drying unit. Some of the products that are produced on UV lithographic presses are:
Flexo printing onto plastic is sometimes a more cost effective and more suitable method for production, especially when printing onto thinner more flexible substrates such as bottle labels, printing onto carrier bags or packaging bags. Printed plastic bags are usually referred to as poly bags due to the base material being polythene or polypropylene. The disadvantages to flexo printing are that it is not capable of producing an image as high resolution as litho UV printing, digital printing or gravure printing. It does however produce a better quality for images than screen printing.
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